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Description: Updated and revised with the latest data in the field, The Essentials of Computer Organization and Architecture, Third Edition is a comprehensive resource that addresses all of the necessary organization and architecture topics, yet is appropriate for the one-term course. This best-selling text correlates to the 2008 ACM-IEEE Computer Science Curriculum update and exposes readers to the inner workings of a modern digital computer through an integrated presentation of fundamental concepts and principles. The authors present real-world examples and focus on practical applications, thus encouraging students to develop a “big picture” understanding of how essential organization and architecture concepts are applied in the world of computing.
Key Features
• Provides students with in-depth coverage of the appropriate core concepts, while still offering the necessary exposure to less critical concepts, thus allowing students to see the whole picture
• Presents material in a logical progression, starting with low-level hardware and progressing to higher-lever software, including assemblers and operating systems
• Correlates to the 2008 ACM-IEEE Computer Science Curriculum update
• Includes real-world examples to provide students with a better understanding of how technology and techniques are combined for practical applications
• Contains new exercises within the text to reflect ACM-IEEE CS2008 . Instructor’s resources include a complete instructor’s manual, lecture outline, sample test questions, and Microsoft® PowerPoint® slides
• The MARIE Simulator package allows students to learn the essential concepts of computer organization and architecture, including assembly language, without getting caught up in unnecessary and confusing details.
• Can be bundled with an Intel supplementContents:
Chapter 1: Introduction • Overview • The Main Components of a Computer • An Example System: Wading through the Jargon • Standards Organizations • Historical Development • Generation Zero: Mechanical Calculating Machines (1642 –1945) • The First Generation: Vacuum Tube Computers (1945-1953 ) • The Second Generation: Transistorized Computers (1954-1965 ) • The Third Generation: Integrated Circuit Computers (1965-1980 ) • The Fourth Generation: VLSI Computers (1980 –????) • Moore’s Law • The Computer Level Hierarchy • The von Neumann Model • Non-von Neumann Models • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises
Chapter 2: Data Representation in Computer Systems • Introduction • Positional Numbering Systems • Converting Between Bases • Converting Unsigned Whole Numbers • Converting Fractions • Converting between Power-of-Two Radices • Signed Integer Representation • Signed Magnitude • Complement Systems • Unsigned Versus Signed Numbers • Computers, Arithmetic, and Booth’s Algorithm • Carry Versus Overflow • Binary Multiplication and Division Using Shifting • Floating-Point Representation • A Simple Model • Floating-Point Arithmetic • Floating-Point Errors • The IEEE- 754 Floating-Point Standard • Range, Precision, and Accuracy • Additional Problems with Floating-Point Numbers • Character Codes • Binary-Coded Decimal • EBCDIC • ASCII • Unicode • Error Detection and Correction • Cyclic Redundancy Check • Hamming Codes • Reed-Solomon • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises • Focus on Codes for Data Recording and Transmission • Non-Return-to-Zero Code • Non-Return-to-Zero-Invert Code • Phase Modulation (Manchester Code) • Frequency Modulation • Run-Length-Limited Code • Partial Response Maximum Likelihood Coding • Summary • Exercises
Chapter 3: Boolean Algebra and Digital Logic • Introduction • Boolean Algebra • Boolean Expressions • Boolean Identities • Simplification of Boolean Expressions • Complements • Representing Boolean Functions • Logic Gates • Symbols for Logic Gates • Universal Gates • Multiple Input Gates • Digital Components • Digital Circuits and Their Relationship to Boolean Algebra • Integrated Circuits • Combinational Circuits • Basic Concepts • Examples of Typical Combinational Circuits • Sequential Circuits • Basic Concepts • Clocks • Flip-Flops • Finite State Machines • Examples of Sequential Circuits • An Application of Sequential Logic: Convolutional Coding and Viterbi Detection • Designing Circuits • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises • Focus on Karnaugh Maps • Introduction • Description of Kmaps and Terminology • Kmap Simplification for Two Variables • Kmap Simplification for Three Variables • Kmap Simplification for Four Variables • Doesn’t Care Condition • Summary • Exercises Chapter 4: MARIE: An Introduction to a Simple Computer • Introduction • CPU Basics and Organization • The Registers • The ALU • The Control Unit • The Bus • Clocks • The Input/output Subsystem • Memory Organization and Addressing • Interrupts • MARIE • The Architecture • Registers and Buses • Instruction Set Architecture • Register Transfer Notation • Instruction Processing • The Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle • Interrupts and the Instruction Cycle • MARIE’s I/O • A Simple Program • A Discussion on Assemblers • What Do Assemblers Do? • Why Use Assembly Language? • Extending Our Instruction Set • A Discussion on Decoding: Hardwired Versus Micro programmed Control • Machine Control • Hardwired Control • Micro programmed Control • Real-World Examples of Computer Architectures • Intel Architectures • MIPS Architectures • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises
Chapter 5: A Closer Look at Instruction Set Architectures • Introduction • Instruction Formats • Design Decisions for Instruction Sets • Little Versus Big Endian • Internal Storage in the CPU: Stacks Versus Registers • Number of Operands and Instruction Length • Expanding Opcodes • Instruction Types • Data Movement • Arithmetic Operations • Boolean Logic Instructions • Bit Manipulation Instructions • Input/Output Instructions • Instructions for Transfer of Control • Special Purpose Instructions • Instruction Set Orthogonality • Addressing • Data Types • Address Modes • Instruction Pipelining • Real-World Examples of ISAs • Intel • MIPS • Java Virtual Machine • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises •
Chapter 6: Memory • Introduction • Types of Memory • The Memory Hierarchy • Locality of Reference • Cache Memory • Cache Mapping Schemes • Replacement Policies • Effective Access Time and Hit Ratio • When Does Caching Break Down? • Cache Write Policies • Instruction and Data Caches • Levels of Cache • Virtual Memory • Paging • Effective Access Time Using Paging • Putting It All Together: Using Cache, TLBs, and Paging • Advantages and Disadvantages of Paging and Virtual Memory • Segmentation • Paging Combined with Segmentation • A Real-World Example of Memory Management • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises
Chapter 7: Input/Output and Storage Systems • Introduction • I/O and Performance • Amdahl’s Law • I/O Architectures • I/O Control Methods • Character I/O Versus Block I/O • I/O Bus Operation • Data Transmission Modes • Parallel Data Transmission • Serial Data Transmission • Magnetic Disk Technology • Rigid Disk Drives • Solid State Disks • Optical Disks • CD-ROM • DVD • Blue-Violet Laser Disks • Optical Disk Recording Methods • Magnetic Tape • RAID • RAID Level 0 • RAID Level 1 • RAID Level 2 • RAID Level 3 • RAID Level 4 • RAID Level 5 • RAID Level 6 • RAID DP • Hybrid RAID Systems • The Future of Data Storage Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises • Focus on Data Compression • Introduction • Statistical Coding • Huffman Coding • Arithmetic Coding • Ziv-Lempel (LZ) Dictionary Systems • GIF and PNG Compression • JPEG Compression • Summary • Exercises Chapter 8: System Software • Introduction • Operating Systems • Operating Systems History • Operating System Design • Operating System Services • Protected Environments • Virtual Machines • Subsystems and Partitions • Protected Environments and the Evolution of Systems Architectures • Programming Tools • Assemblers and Assembly • Link Editors • Dynamic Link Libraries • Compilers • Interpreters • Java: All of the Above • Database Software • Transaction Managers • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises
Chapter 9: Alternative Architectures • Introduction • RISC Machines • Flynn’s Taxonomy • Parallel and Multiprocessor Architectures • Superscalar and VLIW • Vector Processors • Interconnection Networks • Shared Memory Multiprocessors • Distributed Computing • Alternative Parallel Processing Approaches • Dataflow Computing • Neural Networks • Systolic Arrays • Quantum Computing • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises
Chapter 10: Topics in Embedded Systems • Introduction • An Overview of Embedded Hardware • Off-the-Shelf Embedded System Hardware • Configurable Hardware • Custom-Designed Embedded Hardware • An Overview of Embedded Software • Embedded Systems Memory Organization • Embedded Operating Systems • Embedded Systems Software Development • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises
Chapter 11: Performance Measurement and Analysis • Introduction • Computer Performance Equations • Mathematical Preliminaries • What the Means Mean • The Statistics and Semantics • Benchmarking • Clock Rate, MIPS, and FLOPS • Synthetic Benchmarks: Whetstone, Linpack, and Dhrystone • . Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation Benchmarks • Transaction Processing Performance Council Benchmarks • System Simulation. • CPU Performance Optimization • Branch Optimization • Use of Good Algorithms and Simple Code • Disk Performance • Understanding the Problem • Physical Considerations • Logical Considerations • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises
Chapter 12: Network Organization and Architecture • Introduction • Early Business Computer Networks • Early Academic and Scientific Networks: The Roots and Architecture of the Internet • • Network Protocols I: ISO/OSI Protocol Unification • A Parable • The OSI Reference Model • Network Protocols II: TCP/IP Network Architecture • The IP Layer for Version • The Trouble with IP Version • Transmission Control Protocol • The TCP Protocol at Work • IP Version • Network Organization • Physical Transmission Media • Interface Cards • Repeaters • Hubs • Switches • Bridges and Gateways • Routers and Routing • High-Capacity Digital Links • The Digital Hierarchy • ISDN • Asynchronous Transfer Mode • A Look at the Internet • Ramping on to the Internet • Ramping up the Internet • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises Chapter 13: Selected Storage Systems and Interfaces • SCSI Architecture • “Classic” Parallel SCSI • The SCSI Architecture Model- • Internet SCSI • Storage Area Networks • Other I/O Connections • Parallel Buses: XT to ATA • Serial ATA and Serial Attached SCSI • Peripheral Component Interconnect • A Serial Interface: USB • High Performance Peripheral Interface: HiPPI • Cloud Storage • Chapter Summary • Further Reading • References • Review of Essential Terms and Concepts • Exercises
APPENDIX • Data Structures and the Computer • Introduction • Fundamental Structures • Arrays Queues and Linked Lists • A. Stacks • Trees • Network Graphs • Summary • Further Reading • References • Exercises ISBN - 9789380853239
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Pages : 844
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