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Description: Introduction to Public Health, Fourth Edition offers a thorough, accessible overview of the expanding field of public health for students new to its concepts and actors. Written in engaging, nontechnical language, this best-selling text explains in clear terms the multi-disciplinary strategies and methods used for measuring, assessing, and promoting public health.
Packed with illustrative real-world examples, this updated edition provides students with informative discussions of the current technical issues and practical obstacles facing public health practitioners and policymakers alike.
Through coverage of new approaches to research and data collection, current best practices in the field, and the social and ethical challenges of devising public policy, Introduction to Public Health, Fourth Edition provides readers with a broad-reaching, practical framework for understanding the multifaceted forces and organizations of today’s public health enterprise.
The Fourth Edition Features:
• Coverage of the newest developments in infectious diseases, injury control, environmental health controversies, the 2010 Census, and U.S. healthcare reform.
• Illustration of public health principles through presentation of new and ongoing stories in the news.
• An all- new chapter on mental health issues in the United States
Contents: Preface • Prologue: Public Health in the News
PART I: What Is Public Health?
Chapter 1: Public Health: Science, Politics, and Prevention • What Is Public Health? • Public Health versus Medical Care • The Sciences of Public Health • Prevention and Intervention • Public Health and Terrorism • Conclusion • References
Chapter 2: Why Is Public Health Controversial? • Economic Impact • Individual Liberty • Moral and Religious Opposition • Political Interference with Science • Conclusion • References
Chapter 3: Powers and Responsibilities of Government • Federal versus State Authority • How the Law Works • How Public Health Is Organized and Paid for in the United States • Local Public Health Agencies • State Health Departments • Federal Agencies Involved with Public Health • Nongovernmental Role in Public Health • Conclusion • References
PART II: Analytical Methods of Public Health
Chapter 4: Epidemiology: The Basic Science of Public Health • How Epidemiology Works • A Typical Epidemiologic Investigation-Outbreak of Hepatitis • Legionnaires’ Disease • Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome • Epidemiology and the Causes of Chronic Disease • Heart Disease • Lung Cancer • Conclusion • References
Chapter 5: Epidemiologic Principles and Methods • Kinds of Epidemiologic Studies • Conclusion • References
Chapter 6: Problems and Limits of Epidemiology • Problems with Studying Humans • Sources of Error • Proving Cause and Effect • Epidemiologic Studies of Hormone Replacement • Therapy-Confusing Results • Ethics in Epidemiology • Conflicts of Interest in Drug Trials • Conclusion • References
Chapter 7: Statistics: Making Sense of Uncertainty • The Uncertainty of Science Probability The Statistics of Screening Tests • Rates and Other Calculated Statistics • Risk Assessment and Risk Perception • Cost-Benefit Analysis and Other Evaluation Methods • Conclusion • References
Chapter 8: The Role of Data in Public Health • Vital Statistics • The Census • NCHS Surveys and Other Sources of Health Data • Is So Much Data Really Necessary? • Accuracy and Availability of Data • Confidentiality of Data • Conclusion • References
PART III: Biomedical Basis of Public Health
Chapter 9: The "Conquest" of Infectious Diseases • Infectious Agents • Means of Transmission • Chain of Infection • Rabies • Smallpox, Measles, and Polio • Fear of Vaccines • Conclusion • References
Chapter 10: The Resurgence of Infectious Diseases • The Biomedical Basis of AIDS • Other Emerging Viruses • Influenza • New Bacterial Threats • Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) • Prions • Public Health Response to Emerging Infections • Public Health and the Threat of Bioterrorism • Conclusion • References
Chapter 11: The Biomedical Basis of Chronic Diseases • Cardiovascular Disease • Cancer • Diabetes • Other Chronic Diseases • Conclusion • References
Chapter 12: Genetic Diseases and Other Inborn Errors • Environmental Teratogens • Genetic Diseases • Genetic and Newborn Screening Programs • Genomic Medicine • Ethical Issues and Genetic Diseases • Conclusion • References
PART IV: Social and Behavioral Factors in Health
Chapter 13: Do People Choose Their Own Health? • Education • Regulation • Does Prohibition Work? • Conclusion • References
Chapter 14: How Psychosocial Factors Affect Health Behavior • Health of Minority Populations • Stress and Social Support • Psychological Models of Health Behavior • Ecological Model of Health Behavior • Health Promotion Programs • Changing the Environment • Conclusion • References
Chapter 15: Public Health Enemy Number One: Tobacco • Biomedical Basis of Smoking’s Harmful Effects • Historical Trends in Smoking and Health • Regulatory Restrictions on Smoking-New Focus on Environmental Tobacco Smoke • Advertising-Emphasis on Youth • Taxes as a Public Health Measure • California’s Tobacco Control Program • The Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) • FDA Regulation • Conclusion • References
Chapter 16: Public Health Threat Number Two and Growing: Poor Diet and Physical Inactivity • Epidemiology of Obesity • Diet and Nutrition • Promoting Healthy Eating • Physical Activity and Health • How Much Exercise Is Enough, and How Much Do People Get? • Promoting Physical Activity • Confronting the Obesity Epidemic • Conclusion • References
Chapter 17: Injuries Are Not Accidents • Epidemiology of Injuries • Analyzing Injuries • Motor Vehicle Injuries • Pedestrians, Motorcyclists, and Bicyclists • Poisoning • Firearms Injuries • Occupational Injuries • Nonfatal Traumatic Brain Injuries • Tertiary Prevention • Conclusion • References
Chapter 18: Maternal and Child Health as a Social Problem • Maternal and Infant Mortality • Infant Mortality-Health Problem or Social Problem? • Preventing Infant Mortality • Family Planning and Prevention of Adolescent Pregnancy • Nutrition of Women and Children • Children’s Health and Safety • Conclusion • References
Chapter 19: Mental Health: Public Health Includes Health Minds • Anxiety • Psychosis • Disturbance of Mood • Disturbances of Cognition • Epidemiology • Causes and Prevention • Children • Mental Health in Adulthood • Mental Health in Older Adults • Treatment, Conclusion • References
PART V: Environmental Issues in Public Health
Chapter 20: A Clean Environment: The Basis of Public Health • Role of Government in Environmental Health • Identification of Hazards • Pesticides and Industrial Chemicals • Occupational Exposures-Workers as Guinea Pigs • New Source of Pollution-Factory Farms • Setting Standards-How Safe Is Safe? • Risk-Benefit Analysis • Conclusion • References
Chapter 21: Clean Air: Is it Safe to Breathe? • Criteria Air Pollutants • Strategies for Meeting Standards • Indoor Air Quality • Global Effects of Air Pollution • Conclusion • References
Chapter 22: Clean Water: A Limited Resource • Clean Water Act • Safe Drinking Water • Dilemmas in Compliance • Is the Water Supply Running Out? • Conclusion • References
Chapter 23: Solid and Hazardous Wastes: What to Do with the Garbage? • Sanitary Landfills • Alternatives to Landfills • Hazardous Wastes • Coal Ash • Conclusion • References
Chapter 24: Safe Food and Drugs: An Ongoing Regulatory Battle • Causes of Foodborne Illness • Government Action to Prevent Foodborne Disease • Additives and Contaminants • Drugs and Cosmetics • Food and Drug Labeling and Advertising • Politics of the FDA • Conclusion • References
Chapter 25: Population: The Ultimate Environmental Health Issue • Public Health and Population Growth • Global Impact of Population Growth-Depletion of Resources • Global Impact of Population Growth-Climate Change • Dire Predictions and Fragile Hope • Conclusion • References
PART VI: Medical Care and Public Health
Chapter 26: Is the Medical Care System a Public Health Issue? • When Medical Care Is a Public Health Responsibility • The Conflict Between Public Health and the Medical Profession • Licensing and Regulation • Ethical and Legal Issues in Medical Care • Ethical Issues in Medical Resource Allocation • Conclusion • References
Chapter 27: Why the US Medical System Needs Reform • Problems with Access • Why Do Costs Keep Rising? • Approaches to Controlling Medical Costs • Managed Care and Beyond • The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act • Rationing • Conclusion • References
Chapter 28: Health S2ervices Research: Finding What Works • Reasons for Practice Variations • The Field of Dreams Effect • Outcomes Research • Quality • Medical Care Report Cards • Inequities in Medical Care • The Relative Importance of Medical Care for Public Health • Conclusion • References
Chapter 29: Public Health and the Aging Population • The Aging of the Population-Trends • Health Status of the Older Population • General Approaches to Maximizing Health in Old Age • Preventing Disease and Disability in Old Age • Medical Costs of the Elderly • Proposals for Rationing • Conclusion • References
PART VII: The Future of Public Health
Chapter 30: Emergency Preparedness, Post-9/11 • Types of Disasters and Public Health Responses • New York’s Response to the World Trade Center Attacks • Response to Hurricane Katrina • Principles of Emergency Planning and Preparedness • Bioterrorism Preparedness • Pandemic Flu • Conclusion • References
Chapter 31: Public Health in the Twenty-First Century: Achievements and Challenges • Challenges for the Twenty-First Century • Strategic Planning for Public Health • Dashed Hopes for the Integration of Public Health • and Medical Practice • Information Technology • The Challenge of Biotechnology • The Ultimate Challenge to Public Health in the Twenty-First • Century • Conclusion • References • References• Glossary • IndexISBN - 9789380853758
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Pages : 664
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