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The author uses one type of force , military intervention as a window onto the shifting character of international society. She examines the changes, over past four hundred years, in why countires intervene militeraly as well as in how they have intervened. It is not the fact of the intervention that has altered , she says , but rather the reason for and meaning behind intervention- the conventional understanding of the purpose for which states can and shopule use force. The author looks at the three types of intervention, Collection detail , Coillection debts, Addressing humanitarian crises, and acting against states percieved as threats to international peace. In al three , author finds that intervention is now considered obvious was vigorously contested or even rejected by people in earlier periods for well articulated and logicval reasons. A Board historical perspective allows her to explicate long term trends: the steady erosion of ofrces normative value of international politics, the growing influence of equality norms in many aspects of global political life and increasing importance of law in intervention pratices.
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